PFAS in Consumer Products

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are a class of over 12,000 chemicals used to make products stain proof, water resistant, and stick proof. PFAS are in a wide array of consumer products, including food packaging, carpets, clothing, children’s products, pesticides, artificial turf, cleaners, waxes, building materials, paints, and personal care products.  PFAS are used in firefighters uniforms and firefighting foam.  Many industries use PFAS as part of their production processes.

All PFAS have a fluorine atom bonded to a chlorine. This is one of the strongest bonds in nature — and, as a result, PFAS chemicals are extraordinarily persistent. They never fully break down, remaining in the environment for hundreds of years. PFAS are bio-accumulative, which means as we continue to make and use PFAS, they continue to build up in our bodies and wildlife.

What are the health impacts?

PFAS can cause immunosuppression, reduced response to vaccines, liver disease, kidney cancer, testicular cancer, and preeclampsia. Some have also been linked to endocrine disruption, neuro-developmental toxicity, and reproductive toxicity.  While workers and people who live in communities with highly contaminated water are at greatest risk, PFAS impact all of us.  Ninety eight percent of Americans tested have PFAS in their blood. PFAS have been found in fish, shellfish, and dairy cows.

How are we exposed?

People are exposed by drinking water that has been contaminated, eating contaminated food, and using products with PFAS. PFAS in products escape into air and dust, which we breathe in. When products are disposed in trash or compost, PFAS remain, entering soil, groundwater and drinking water.

Solution:

Massachusetts needs to ban PFAS in most products.  We also need to clean up contamination, figure out how to safely dispose of PFAS, and support people and communities that have been most contaminated.   In January 2025, Senator Julian Cyr and Representative Kate Hogan re-introduced:

An Act to Protect Massachusetts public health from PFAS

These bills, H2450 and S1504

• Requires businesses to disclose if they add PFAS to their products;

• Bans the sale and distribution of PFAS-containing food packaging, children’s products, car seats, carpets and rugs, textiles, personal care products, cookware, and firefighting foam;

• Authorizes the Department of Public Health to restrict PFAS in additional products, in consultation with Department of Environmental Protection and Toxics Use Reduction Institute;

• Requires the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) to restrict industrial discharges of PFAS to surface and groundwater;

• Sets up a fund to help public water systems and private well owners test soil, groundwater and drinking water and provide remediation if PFAS are found;

• Requires DEP to restrict land application of sludge on any site that does not have DEP’s specific approval;

• Requires testing of agricultural products to determine PFAS impact;

• Requires study of PFAS impacts in air.